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Floriberta
Reyes Gómez Cruz
Black Pottery
Miniatures
Floriberta
Reyes Gómez and her husband, Andrés Cruz Hernández,
work together with their two children in San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca,
to create wonderful miniature black pottery - jugs, pots, pitchers,
vessels for making chocolate, flower pots and vases. (The vase to the left is 20 cms.)
Floriberta, unlike
many other folk artisans, rarely sells her work from her home although
customers are always welcome. Instead, the family typically sells to fellow
artisans in the local market who in turn sell to the public.
Prior to meeting
his wife, Andrés only made mezcal bottles - now very much a collector's
item. He did not come from a ceramic family but rather farmers.
Floriberta forms
the main portion of her mini jugs one day and adds the lips the next day.
The third day she decorates them. In one week, the family can typically
create 500 pieces, firing them all at once for five hours. These miniatures
can be purchased through MexicoEtc Miniatures
also found on this website.
San Bartolo Coyotepec,
Oaxaca has produced pottery for centuries. Pottery artifacts unearthed
in many of Oaxaca's archaeological sites have been traced to the clay
found only in this area. The earthenware vessels were once used to transport
mescal from hillside farms into the communities for sale. The containers
held about 3 gallons each and were lashed together and slung over the
backs of burros for the journey. With the advent of plastic jugs, the
use of the heavy pottery was abandoned. The potters of Coyotepec began
to search for new applications of their pottery skills.
Doña Rosa,
a legend in the pottery world (she died in 1980), came up with a method
for making decorative black pottery from the local clay. Her work has
received numerous awards and is included in collections worldwide including
those of Rockefeller and the Smithsonian.
(The pot to the left is a Cantaro Colado and is 30 cms in diameter.) The technique she
developed to give the black pottery its trademark sheen is the burnishing
of the pot with quartz. No glazes are used. The potters of Coyotepec continue
to use their traditional method of turning pots without a wheel. The technique
uses two concave clay plates, one upside down supporting the other. This
method is of pre-Hispanic inheritance, the pieces are molded on this device.
The entire process to develop a finished piece takes 20 to 30 days and
goes from molding to decoration, to slow drying in closed rooms, polishing
with a quartz stone and finally to baking where the pieces acquire their
notable black color. Although Doña Rosa attempted to keep her technique
a secret, eventually word got out. The pottery is decorative only and
should not be used for cooking or serving.
The tourism that
Oaxacan artists rely on for their livelihoods has been in jeopardy over
the last year and a half due to civil unrest and travel bans that have
kept the tourists away. Bringing Floriberta to Feria Maestros del Arte
along with other folk artists from Oaxaca will hopefully open the eyes
of Feria-goers to the fact that Oaxaca is once again a safe place to travel
and seek out the art that Oaxaca has become famous for. (The pot to the right is actually a lampara (lamp) - you place a candle inside - and is 15 cms in diameter.)
Contact information:
Or contact Marianne Carlson at 011522
376 765 7485 or email mariannecarlson@gmail.com |